Eighty grams is close to two-thirds of a cup of all-purpose flour, but it is only about two-fifths of a cup of granulated sugar. For rolled oats, 80 grams is close to a full cup. Those differences come from how tightly each ingredient fills the same US cup.
If a recipe calls for 80 grams of a dry ingredient, loosen powders before spooning them into a cup. Do not press flour, cocoa or powdered sugar down to make the surface level.
This amount often appears in small cakes, pancakes, cookie additions and breakfast portions. Keep the original 80 gram measurement when the recipe depends on a precise flour-to-liquid ratio.